Carbureter.



G. D, GARLAND.

GARBURBTBR.

APPLIUATION HLED AUG. 14. m05.

v hydrocarbon oil during UNITED srnrns GEORGE D. GARLAND, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIG UR, BY MlISNE ASS] GAS MACHINE (l0.

ipirnNT omiten.

GNMENTS. To U. s.

, A CORPORATION )F MICHlGAN.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented sept. 1o, "1907.

Application led August 14, 1905. Serial No. 274,205l

T o all 'whom 'it 'may4 concern.'

Be it known that I, GEORGE D. GARLAND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain 5 .new and useful Improvements in Carbureters; and yl' hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and'use the same. I

My invention relates to improvements in carbureters or devices for mixing atmospheric air with the vapors of volatile hydrocarbon oils.

The object of my inventionis to produce an yapparatus of this kind into which there is a continuous flow of its operation, and in which the quantity of hydrocarbon fluid so fed is regulated in exf act proportion to the amount of air passing through the device, the amount of air varying with the amount vof carbureted air which lthe device is called upon-toptoduce, and consists in the features of construction and combina-tions of parts hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating my invention: Figure l. is a vertical central section of a device constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a topplan View of same. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a portion of same. Fig. 4 is a" plan section on the line 4-4 of Fig. l. In said drawingsy l represents a vertical cylinder or cylindrical casing within which the hydrocarbon fluid and the air are mixed, the air entering at the lower end and passing up through the casing and the hydrocarbon fluid entering at the upper en'd and passing ldown through the casing and hence coming in contac't with and being evaporated by the passing air. It is advisable, in order to use hydrocarbon fluids of low specic gravity,l to add `more or less heat to the uid Ias the same is being mixed with the air, it is also desirable to retard the flow of the hydrocarbon fluid through the casing and to protect it hom'the direct currentoi the passing air, so that uneva'porated particles or drops of the fluid Will not be carried out of the casing With the air. To accomplish the above a vertical tube 2 is mounted with in said cylinder and concentric with the same, its ends being connected' by elbows to horizontal pipes 3 and 4 respectively, which pass horizontally out of said casing through stufling boxes 5 and 6 and by means of which steam of other heating fluid may be admitted to said tube 2 and the condensation drawn from same in an obvious manner. To retard the flow of the hydrocarbon fluid downward through the casing and protect the saine from the direct blast or current of air, I provide a series of saucer shaped disks 7 mounted 'on and concentric with the ,I charged with the vapors of the same.

l said tube 2 and alternating with same on said tube 2, '55

a series of inverted conical shaped disks 8. All of said I' disks 7 exceptV the bottom one of the series are provided ivith a number of small drain holes 9-thr`oughl g which the hydrocarbon fluid may pass to the `inverted l conical disk below. l closed at its upper end by meansoi." l is provided with a discharge pipe 1l The casing 1 is a head 10 which through which the carbureted air4 passes from th'e. casing. Upon said cover 10 and corrirnunicating'with" the interior of the casing by means of a small tube -12 is 65 a small valve 13 adapted to control the supply of hy'- dro-carbon fluid to said casing. Said tube l2 dis# charges the hydro-carbon fluid at the center of the up; per end of said casing above the elbow at the upper end of said tube 2 upon the center ol a shallow saucer shaped 70 disk 14 mounted upon or forming a part of said elbow. The center of`vsaid disk is raised thus causing the hydro-carbon fluid toow outwardly, and small drain holes l5'are` provided adjacent its outer edge through which the fluid may be discharged to the first of the series of saucer shaped disks 7 below. The'fluid then flows toward the center of said easing into said saucer and is discharged through the holes 9 on to the upper face of the first of the series of inverted conical disks 8.

Said disks 8 are slightly smaller in diameter than said 80.

saucer shaped disks 7, and hence discharge the hydroi. carbon fluid into the saucer shaped disks 7, and hence discharge next below and near the outer edge' of the same, thus causing the fluid to travel in a. zig-zag course from the center of saidlcasing out toward the. $5 wall thereof and back to thecenter of the same as it. l flows down from one disk to another. The lower end of said casing is closed by means of the head 16 which isprovided with acentral passage 17 through which -the air enters. said cylinder. The` air flows( 90 upward through said casing around the saucer-4 shaped disks 7, being brought intimately into contact with the descending fluid, and is thereby thoroughly l -The lowermost disk 7 is Lnot provided with any drain-holbsand vhence if any of the fluid should reach the same i't' will collect and remain there until evaporated. It is vybbvious that when steam or other heat conducting fluid vis forced into or through the tube 2 that the fluid in said casing 1 will be heated andwhence be more easily evaporated. Said passage 17 is connected by means of 'a horizontal cylinder 20 rigidly lmountedon said head, said port 19 communicating with the interior of said cylinder 20.' Said port 19 is quite narrow and long and the long heavy piston 21 movably mounted in said cylinder :20 .is adapted to control the 'opening o f said port. 'The lower end of said cylinder 20 is connected by means of the .passage 18 with a port l19 in the wall of a small vertical pipe 22y with a supplyJ of air under pressure and the upper end is closed' by means of the head 23, which is provided with a stuflingboxfZli'through which the piston rod 25 projects. in order to permit a comparativelyfree movement oi saidpiston 2i when the air pressure in the cylinder 20 below the saine changes, and at the same time to 'prevent the formation o an extra pressure, or on the other hand a partial vacuum above said piston on said cylinder, I provide a port 26, leading from the upper side of said -port 19 to the upper ond of said cylinder-207 saidl port 26 being of relatively small area, so that the formation oi a partial vacuum above the piston 2l is prevented, but before an equilibrium is reached the piston 21 has taken its new position due to the change inthe air pressure in said cylinder 20 belowA said piston 21. The upperl end oi said 'piston 2l is provided with a small packing ring 27 for yan obvious purpose, and the body of said piston between said packing ring and the owerend of the same is cut away7 except where it covers said port 19, for the purpose oi reducing friction and permitting said piston to move as freely. as possible in said cylinder. The lower end oisaid port 19 is a short distance above the lower end oi" said cylinder 20,- so thatlwhen said pistbn 2l is at the lower limit of its movement it will completely Cover said port` 19 and thus prevent the passage oi any air through the same. The upper end oi said piston rod 25 is'rigidly connected to the lower end of a rod 28 which is vertically movable in a guide 29 which is carried by an arm 30 integral with the'valvc casing 3l of the said valve i3, said valve casing being mounted on the cylinder head 10.. The stem 32 of said valve 13 is screw threaded near its middle'portion, and said threaded portion is received by the threaded portion 33 oi said casing 31, thus adapting said valve to he opened or closed by revolving said stem.,v t has been discovered that the required maximum opening of said valve can he accomplished by turning said stein through about ninety degrees, also that the same number oi degrees toward the end oi .the movement will allow a much larger than a proportionate amount oi luid to pass. To regulate the flow of fluid in proportion to the flow of air through the relatively large port 19 as the piston 2l is raised, I have devised the arrangement of mechanism therein illustrated, The valve stein 32 projects through the stuffing box 34, and a slotted arm 35 is rigidly secured on its outer end, said arm projecting in a horizontal direction' when said piston 21 is at the lower limit oi its movement. The rod 28 is provided with a horizontally projecting pin 36 adapted to project through the slot in saidf'arm 35, so that as said pis on 19 and rod 28 are raised said arrn will scanso be rotated and said valve stern turned in an obvious manner. Said arm 35 will be turned through about ninety degrees as said piston reaches the upper limit oi its movement, but the arc through which said arm and valve will be rotated for a given movement of the piston, will depend upon the position of said piston, being a very much larger arc at the beginning oi the upward movement of said piston than toward the upper limit of its movement on account of the relative movement of said pin 36 inthe slot of said arm 35. Said valve casing 31 is provided with a pipe connection 37 by means of which hydro-carbon under pressure at least equal .to the air pressure, may be supplied.

In the use of my device, as the carbureted air is drawn from the casing or permitted to escape, tiii air pressure in said casing l and consequently in said port 19, vacuum preventing port 26, and the upper end oi said cy1inder20 will be reduced and the air pressure below said piston 21 will raise the saine thus allowing a larger flow oi' air, and at the saine time said valve 1.3 will he opened sufiiciently to allow a proportionate in- -screase in the flow of hydro-carbon iiuid through said pipe 12 into the upper end oi said casing l.

The quality of carbureted air produced by this device is exceedingly uniform.

The devre is substantial, very durable and entirely automatic in its action. y

I claim as my invention:

A 1. ln a carburetor, the combination with a carburetlng chamber having means for supplying hydrocarbon thereto, means for supplying air to said chamber, a needle valve adapted to control the supply of hydrocarbon to said chamber, aA cylinder' associated with said chamber, a piston operating in said cylinder and adapted to control the sup` ply of air thereto, an arm extending from said needle valve and provided with a longitudinal slot, a guide eonnccterl to said chamber, u rod movable in said guide and provided with a lateral pin engaging the slot in said needle valve arm. u piston rod connected to said piston, and means for coupling said piston rod and slldable rod.

, 2. In a csrbureter, the combination 'of a carbureting chamber having means` for supplying hydrocarbon thereto, means for supplying air to said chamber, a valve adapted to control the supply of hydrocarbon to said chamber, a cylinder' associated wit-h said chamber having a port extending longitudinally thereof at one end and communicating with said chamber, a relatively small porhcomrnunlcatlng between said cylinder at the other end and said chamber, a piston in said cylinder, a connectln.;r means between said piston und valve.

In testimony whereof l have signed my name in pres- .ence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE D. GARLAND.

Witnesses E, F. WILsoN,

It. A. Fiscm-m. 

